Discuss the distribution of natural gas-fields of Pakistan. Also describe their production capacity.

•  ANSWER
• NATURAL GAS FIELDS OF PAKISTAN
• DISTRIBUTION AND PRODUCTION
• Pakistan boasts a diverse distribution of natural gas fields, spread across various geological regions, each contributing to the country's energy needs. Let's explore their geographical locations and production capacities
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• GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
• Sindh Province
• This southern province holds the lion's share of reserves, with major fields like Sui, Qadirpur, and Lakhra contributing significantly to total production.
• Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
• The northern province houses fields like Makran and Toot, adding to the national gas supply.
• Punjab Province
• While smaller reserves compared to Sindh, fields like Uch and Adhi contribute to regional needs.
• Balochistan Province
• The arid province holds promising offshore gas reserves in the Arabian Sea, with Mari-Deep and Badin-I fields being noteworthy examples.
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• PRODUCTION CAPACITY
• Estimated Reserves
• Pakistan has total proven gas reserves of around 200 trillion cubic feet (TCF), with potential for further discoveries.
• Current Production
• The country currently produces around 4 billion cubic feet per day (BCFD) of natural gas, meeting a significant portion of its domestic energy demands.
• Field Variations
• Production capacities vary between fields. For example, the Sui field alone produces over 1 BCFD, while smaller fields like Toot contribute around 75 MMCFD.
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• CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENTS
• Depletion of Mature Fields
• Some older fields like Sui are experiencing natural decline in production, necessitating exploration and development of new reserves.
• Infrastructure Needs
• Upgrading transportation infrastructure like pipelines is crucial to efficiently and securely deliver gas from remote fields to consumption centers.
• Exploration Efforts
• Ongoing exploration activities in potential areas like Balochistan and offshore deep-sea blocks hold promising prospects for future production enhancements.
• Renewable Energy Integration
• Diversifying energy sources towards renewables like solar and wind can help address long-term energy security concerns while reducing reliance on gas.
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• Overall, Pakistan's natural gas fields are geographically diverse and contribute significantly to the country's energy needs. Addressing depletion challenges, investing in infrastructure development, and exploring new reserves are crucial to sustain and enhance gas production in the future.